Conservative Heather Wheeler shared a graphic with a medals table split between "Rest of World", "British Empire" and "EU post-Brexit".
After congratulating Team GB, she then wrote: "Now for the Trade Agreements."
The South Derbyshire MP said the tweet was a joke in response to another total which put the EU medals together.
But the post - entitled "Empire Goes For Gold" - has been labelled "deeply offensive to so many people and their ancestors" by Labour MP for Tottenham David Lammy, while others have called it "insensitive and ignorant".
